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MUHTESİB

"
Islamic Glossary

MUHTESİB

(Islamic Glossary) :
Eskiden İslâm devletlerinde iyiliği emredip, kötülüğü yasaklayan, engel olan ve cemiyettegüzel ahlâk ve fazîletlerin korunmasına ve dînî hükümlerin uygulanmasına, çarşı ve pazarlarındüzenine bakmakla vazîfeli, ilim, fazîlet ve kuvvet sâhibi kimse. (Bkz. Hisbet)Hisbet; iyilikler yapılmaz olduğunda iyiliklerin yapılmasını emretmek, kötülükler yapılırolduğunda yapılmasını önlemek, nehyetmektir. Âyet-i kerîmede de meâlen; "Sizden, insanlarıiyiliğe çağıran bir cemâat olsun ki, ma'rûfu (yâni kitab ve sünnete uymayı) emreder vemünkeri (kötülükleri) yasak eder hâlde bulunsunlar" (Âl-i İmrân sûresi: 104) buyrulmuştur.Bu farz olan işleri yaptırmak muhtesibin görevidir. (İmâm-ı Mâverdî)Hadîs-i şerîfte; "Günâh işleyeni gören, eli ile mâni olsun. Buna gücü yetmezse, dili ilemâni olsun" buyruldu. Emr-i ma'rûf ve nehy-i münkeri el ile yapmak hükûmet adamlarına yânimuhtesib ve kâdılara, dil ile yapmak, din adamlarına, kalb ile yapmak da her müslümanafarzdır. (Abdülganî Nablüsî)
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